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Martin, Frederick R. "A Plea for an Uncensored Press." Proceedings, Academy of Political Science in the City of New York, 7:360- 64, July 1917. M203
Address of the assistant manager of the Associated Press before the National Conference on Foreign Relations of United States.
Martin, Harold. "The Manila Censorship." Forum, 31:462-71, June 1901. M204
Military censorship in the Philippines under American Army jurisdiction which banned any reproach or criticism of the army or news of any army failures in attempts at political dealings with the Philippines.
Martin, Harold C. "Books and Boys." Horn Book, 35:355- 67, October 1959. M205
A professor discusses the barriers that librarians sometime erect between readers and books.
Martin, J. C. "A Free Press." Criminal Law Quarterly, 1:21-24, 1958-59. M206
General commentary on freedom of the press in Great Britain and Canada.
Martin, Kingsley. "Censorship during the Crisis." Political Quarterly, 10:128-34, January 1939. M207
Alleged distortion of news by the British government during the crisis of September 1938.
-------. Fascism, Democracy and the Press. London, New Statesman and Nation, 1938. 32p. (New Statesman pamphlet) M208
Brief statement on the issues involved in the controversy over the British Official Secrets Act.
-------. "The Freedom of the Press." Political Quarterly, 9:373-88, July 1938. M209
In the abortive conversations between England and Germany in the winter of 1937, Germany is said to have demanded the suppression of anti- Nazi articles and cartoons in the British press. Had the British government wished to comply there are four legal weapons at their disposal, under the legal doctrine of Blackstone which still holds good: the laws to defend public morals, the law of contempt of court, the law of libel, and the laws against espionage and dispensing of official secrets. Most of these laws could not be counted upon as useful for the purpose, but "most of the daily Press, if properly handled, could be brought into line without special legislation." While many of the journalists, in private life, express more or less Leftist opinions, they work for a conservative press and must conform in order to earn a living. Those who are concerned with maintaining freedom of the press should turn their attention to the question of organization and professional independence of journalists.
-------. "The Press in Britain, Is It Subject to Censorship?" New Republic, 98:183-85, 22 March 1939. M210
Criticism of the lack of political independence of the press because "a few great commercial trusts own the vast bulk of the press." Further restrictions are placed on the press by the potent laws of libel, the laws against sedition, and the Official Secrets Acts. The author fears the survival of liberties in another war since already there is evidence that government measures of suppression have been imposed.
-------. The Press the Public Wants. London, Hogarth Press, 1947. 143p. M211
Inspired by the Royal Commission inquiry on a free press, the Socialist editor of the New Statesman and Nation advocates that newspapers, as public concerns, be run by responsible and independent groups, much along the lines of the Times and the Manchester Guardian, rather than as commercial monopolies. He believes that a critical public, demanding truth in the news and fairness in editorial comment, will eventually support such a public service, with a minimum of government control.
Martin, Laura K. "What Are We Afraid Of? Some Notes on Censorship." ALA Bulletin, 42:599-600, December 1948. M212
"School library organizations should follow the lead of state and national library associations in setting up machinery for the discussion of censorship problems as they arise. . . The major function of the machinery suggested should be to anticipate actions of censorship, to call to the attention of administrators the fact that there is established policy in this field, and to insist on the careful examination, by librarians, of materials whose value has been questioned."
Martin, Olga J. Hollywood's Movie Commandments, a Handbook for Motion Picture Writers and Reviewers. New York, Wilson, 1937. 301p. M213
The former secretary to the director of the Production Code Administration analyzes the Code from the standpoint of the theme of the story and the regulations that determine its its moral acceptability. Chapters 1 through 10 deal with the decency campaign which led to the Code; subsequent chapters are concerned with factors of crime, sex, and other objectionable matters. The Code of 1930 and its amendments are given in the appendices.
Martin, Philip. "Footnote to Censorship." Wilson Library Bulletin, 15:222-23, November 1940. M214
An imaginary but credible eposide of the banning of Grapes of Wrath by the Board of Trustees of "Doan County." There is implied criticism of the American Library Association for not taking an active hand in support of the librarian and those members of the library board who objected to the banning.
Martin, Robert P. "The MacArthur Censorship." Nieman Reports, 2:3-4, April 1948. M215
Arbitrary restrictions deny to the United States press its best base for coverage in Asia.
Marvin, James S. "Legal Censorship of Obscene Literature." Syracuse Law Review, 12:58-68, Fall 1960. M216
"The purpose of this note is to examine the obscenity statutes of the United States and of New York State, and the cases which have arisen thereunder. . . The scope of this article is limited to a discussion of those cases which have involved works of literature."
Marvin, Oliver W. "Freedom of Photography." American Photography, 35:42-45, January 1941. M217
The rights of freedom of the press and free speech include the right to freely take pictures. "Like all other rights guaranteed by law, the rights of freedom of the press and freedom of speech are not limitless and unbounded. They do not confer the privilege or license of abuse or misuse of language or pictures with immunity."
-------. "Legal Aspects of Photography." American Photography, 39:22-25, January 1945; 39:18-21, February 1945; 39:12-14, March 1945; 39:20-23, April 1945; 39:20-23, May 1945. M218
The series includes discussion of the right of privacy, libel, and copyright.
"Mary Baker Eddy." Saturday Review of Literature, 6:581-82, 21 December 1929. M219
An account of extralegal methods used by the Christian Science Committee to suppress Dakin's book on Mary Baker Eddy. Reports of the nationwide boycott of stores selling the book are given in Publishers' Weekly, 5 October 1929 and 14 December 1929.
"The Mary Ware Dennett Case." Journal of Social Hygiene, 16:220-29, April 1930. M220
Concerns the post- office censorship of Mrs. Dennett's pamphlet, The Sex Side of Life.
Mary Ware Dennett Defense Committee. Sex Education or Obscenity? The Mary Ware Dennett Case. New York, The Committee, [1929]. 8p. M221
John Dewey was chairman of the Committee.
Maryland. State Board of Motion Picture Censors. Annual Reports. Baltimore, The Board, 1916/17-date? M222
The Board was created in 1916 by the State Legislature. Its duties include the examination of all motion picture films or views to be exhibited or used in the State, with the exception of news reels that were exempted in 1955. The reports for 1957-58 and 1958-59 contain general discussions on state censorship of motion pictures as well as application of court rulings to the Maryland Board.
Maryland Library Association. "Supplement to Freedom of Inquiry Statement As It Relates to Tropic of Cancer." ALA Bulletin, 56:207, March 1962; also in Maryland Libraries, 28:14+, Summer 1962. M223
[Maseres, Francis]. An Enquiry Into the Extent of the Power of Juries, on Trials of Indictments or Informations, for Publishing Seditious, or other Criminal Writings, or Libels. Extracted from a Miscellaneous Collection of Papers that were Published in 1776, Intitled, Additional Papers Concerning the Province of Quebec. Dublin, D. Lynch, 1792. 48p. M224
A severe critic of the English seditious libel trials of the late eighteenth century, Maseres, in the year 1776, argued for the "overt acts test," which held that a work should not be considered seditious unless it "actually occasioned the disturbance which it seemed to be intended to create." This was a forerunner of the "clear and present" dictum of Mr. Justice Holmes.
Mason, Gregory. "American War Correspondents at the Front." Bookman, 40:63-67, September 1914. M225
Includes censorship regulations under which correspondents operated at the beginning of World War I.
-------. "The Associated Press: A Criticism." Outlook, 107:237-40, 30 May 1914. M226
A history of the Associated Press and a review of its present power and practices. The author says that "criticism and suspicion of this great news- gathering agency will continue as long as it holds to its present form of an exclusive private club and as long as the form of its organization tends to prevent its members from buying and selling news elsewhere." A defense of the AP is given by George Kennan in the same issue. The two articles are introduced by the following editorial comment: "The Outlook has already referred editorially to the suit brought by the New York Sun against the Associated Press, in which are involved charges of the monopolization of news and of alleged unfair or oppressive action toward other news associations and individual newspapers. This legal controversy, and also the action taken by the Associated Press against the editors of The Masses for alleged libelous publication, have brought before the reading public large questions of news control and distribution. The two articles which follow discuss these questions from different standpoints."
Mass Meeting of Protest against the Suppression of Truth about the Philippines. Faneuil Hall, March 19 . . . Testimony of some of the witnesses who were refused a hearing before the Senate Committee. Boston, 1903. 60p. M227
Speeches and resolutions protesting the U.S. Government suppression of information on the conditions and government of the Philippine Islands and refusal of the Senate Committee of Affairs in the Philippines to hear testimony critical of American occupation of the Islands. The meeting was chaired by Col. Thomas Wentworth Higginson.
Massachusetts. House of Representatives. The Defence of Young and Minns, Printers to the State, before the Committee, of the House of Representatives. With an Appendix, containing the Debate. Boston. Gilbert & Dean, 1805. 68p. M228
-------. Legislative Research Bureau. Report Relative to Government Censorship of Obscene Material. Boston, The Bureau, 1960. 18p. M229
-------. State Commission to Investigate and Study the Relation between Juvenile Delinquency and the Distribution and Sale of Publications Portraying Crime, Obscenity and Horror. Report, July 1956. Boston, Wright & Potter, 1956. 27p. (House document 3205) M230
Massachusetts Advisory Committee on Juvenile Reading. Statement. Boston, The Committee, 12 March 1952. 3p. mimeo. M231
At the suggestion of Boston bookseller, Richard F. Fuller, the Massachusetts Attorney General established this advisory committee to consider comic books, paperbacks, magazines, and books. The committee consisted of 32 members, representatives of schools, libraries, churches, PTA's, women's clubs, and patriotic societies. On the basis of the committee's recommendations, the Attorney- General warns firms offering objectionable reading matter.
"Massachusetts Board of Education Lifts Ban on The Nation." Nation, 167:385, 9 October 1948. M232
"Massachusetts Censorship Legislation, and Text of Massachusetts Act on Obscenity." Library Journal, 54:69, 15 January 1929. M233
A committee of the Massachusetts Library Club in conference with booksellers and publishers, prepared a bill for introduction in the Massachusetts legislature amending the present obscenity law.
Massachusetts Library Association. "Statement of the Intellectual Freedom Committee of the M. L. A." Bay State Librarian, 52:10, January 1962. M234
Statement on freedom to read, given before the Obscene Literature Control Commission, considering whether Henry Miller's Tropic of Cancer is obscene. Presented by Ervin J. Gaines, chairman.
-------. "Suggested Changes in the Statute Relating to Obscene Books." Massachusetts Library Association Bulletin, 35:11-12, January 1945. M235
Masters, Edgar Lee. "Censorship." Authors' League Bulletin, 15(1):11-13, April 1927. M236
"No one can object to censorship by an audience, to the killing of a play because the people will not have it.. . There is no higher appeal than public taste. . . . Works of art can safely be entrusted to the laws of aesthetics and these alone."
Matchett, William T. "Boston Is Afraid of Books." Saturday Review of Literature, 26:6-7+, 15 July 1944. M237
A general summary of Boston's long history of literary censorship, dating back to the suppression of Whitman's Leaves of Grass. The writer believes that Boston "has yet to grow up in its approach to literary censorship."
Mathews, George. An Account of the Trial of the Rev. T. Emlyn, 1703, Queen's Bench, Dublin, for a Publication against the Doctrine of the Trinity. With a Sketch of his Associates . . . Dublin, 1839. 80p. M238
Thomas Emlyn, a Unitarian minister, was found guilty of blasphemy in the publication of his tract An Humble Inquiry into the Scriptural Account of Jesus Christ, and sentenced to a year in prison.
Mathias, James F., Jr. The Court of Star Chamber, 1603-1627. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1939. (Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation) M239
Matthews, Brander. "Books That Are Barred." Munsey's Magazine, 50:493-97, December 1913. M240
Matthews, the conservative literary critic who frequently came to the defense of the Watch and Ward Society, here criticizes the Society for taking action against Eleanor Glyn's Three Weeks, which he calls "a cheap tale of superficial cleverness" which would have sunk "swiftly beneath the waters of oblivion" without the need for censorship. The most effective method for the suppression of indecent literature is through enlightened public opinion.
Matthews, John. "Trials for High Treason in Printing a Libel Asserting the Title of the Pretender to the Crown, 1719." In Howell, State Trials, vol. 15, pp. 132ff. M241
Matthews, an 18- year- old printer, had published a pamphlet, Vox Populi, Vox Dei, asserting that the Pretender had a legitimate title to the crown. According to a 1707 statute such printed words constituted treason and Matthews was hanged. Frederick Siebert cites this as "the only conviction [in England] for treason for publishing seditious material in the eighteenth century."
Matthews, Miriam. "California Library Association and California Librarians Join Censorship Fight." Library Journal, 72:1172-73, 1 September 1947. M242
The chairman of the Intellectual Freedom Committee of the California Library Association describes the protests made by librarians to the attacks on Marguerite Stewart's Land of the Soviets and the Building America textbook series, and the Committee's opposition to a censorship bill in the state legislature.
Matthews, Sidney T. "Control of the Baltimore Press During the Civil War." Maryland Historical Magazine, 36:150-70, June 1941. M243
Mattison, Walter J. "Restraints on Freedom of the Press." Marquette Law Review, 13:1-8, December 1928. M244
Freedom of the press is not an absolute right and the term is a relative one. In no jurisdictions have newspapers, under guise of freedom, been given the right to invade the constitutional guarantees that are given to the general public, including the right of a fair trial.
Matz, Elsa. "Film Censorship." International Review of Educational Cinematography, 3:1113-22, December 1931. M245
Deals largely with Germany and the Continent, but includes a section on proposals for an International Code.
Maude, Aylmer. Marie Stopes: Her Work and Play. New York, Putnam, 1933. 299 p. M246
A biography of a British leader in the movement for sex education and information on birth control.
Maude, William C. "The Law of Blasphemy." Month, 131:320-28, April 1918. M247
Points raised by the case of Bowman and Others v. Secular Society, Ltd. (1917).
Maverick, Maury. "San Antonio - More Fire Fighters than Fire." New Republic, 128(2):12-13, 29 June 1953. M248
An account of a book burning campaign conducted by San Antonio "Minute Women" who would include works by Einstein, Thomas Mann, Dorothy Canfield Fisher, Dorothy Parker, and Louis Adamic, and the widespread denunciation of the censors by civic leaders. Maverick headed an opposition group, known as the American Activities Committee.
Maverick, Maury, Jr. "The Texas Brand in the Library." Nation, 176:525, 20 June 1953. M249
Speech delivered before the Texas legislature in the course of debate on a bill to "brand" certain books in the public libraries of Texas. He enumerates various books, including the Bible, which would be removed from libraries if the unconstitutional law being considered were enacted. On page 515 of the same issue is an account of the "Minute Women" of San Antonio and their efforts at book branding, written by Maury Maverick, Sr.
Maw, T. E. "Immoral Fiction." Library Association Record, 2:453-54, August 1900. M250
Letter to the editor urging librarians to reject immoral fiction even at the risk of being thought "straitlaced."
Maxse, Leopold J., ed. "Gleanings from the Unofficial Press Bureau." National Review, 65:276-86, 1915. M251
British censorship in World War I.
Maxwell, Manuel. "Federal Radio Commission - Supervision - Censorship." American Law Review, 2:269-72, April 1931. M252
Relates to the powers of the FCC to regulate radio broadcasts by use of its licensing powers. Examines the case of Dr. Brinkley's station KFKB.
Maxwell, Neal A. "Is Freedom of the Press Compatible With National Security?" In Great Issues Concerning Freedom, edited by Waldemer P. Read. [Salt Lake City], University of Utah Press, 1962, pp. 41-60. M253
The author reviews the history of government restrictions on the press in time of national emergency and makes a strong plea against unnecessary withholding of official news and in favor of an aggressively free press. "Total national security . . . cannot exist without a free press... which can help to call the cultural cadence, which prods us when we become lethargic as individuals, and which warns us of dangers when our sentinels sleep or are strangely silent. Information is our political plasma, our lifeblood." Comments by Hays Gorey and William B. Smart, both newspapermen, follow.
May, Frederick. "Concupiscence of the Oppressor: Some Notes on the Absurdity of the Book Censorship." Australian Library Journal, 13:73-84, June 1964. M254
The author believes that to deprive men of their rights to read what they will when they will is brutish and degrading, and to prove his point he cites from numerous works of literature. Censorship in Australia, he charges, is both unenlightened and capricious. "If nothing was banned, terror, superstition and spurious authority would vanish in a cloud of revelatory boredom - for your man in the street has (quite properly), little desire to do the exacting work called for with a serious piece of writing. . . Man must be freed from terror and superstition exploited by authority; man must be free to respond with all of himself to a work of art; he must accept the full responsibility of his own judgment. Never can he be free if information and evidence are denied him."
May, H. R. D. "Immorality of the Modern Burglar Story and Burglar Play." Nineteenth Century, 77:432-44, 15 February 1915. (Also in Living Age, 285:90-98, 10 April 1915) M255
"It is the plain duty of the moral public to say that they will no longer lend the cloak of their approbation to vulgar thieves masquerading as heroes."
May, Sir Thomas E. "The Press, and Liberty of Opinion." In his Constitutional History of England Since the Accession of George the Third. Edited and continued to 1911 by Francis Holland. New York, Longmans Green, 1912. vol. 2, chapters 9 and 10, pp. 1-123. M256
Content: Chapter 9. The press under censorship and afterwards; its contacts with government early in the reign of George III; Wilkes and Junius; the right of juries; Mr. Fox's Libel Act; progress of free discussion, 1760-1792; reaction caused by the French Revolution; and repressive policy, 1792-1799. Chapter 10. Repressive policy of the regency; measures of 1817; trials of Watson and others, 1817; trials of Hone, 1817; the "Six Acts"; the Constitutional Society, 1821; Duke of Wellington's prosecutions of the press, 1830; Cobbett's trial, 1831; taxes on knowledge. Chapter II. Liberty of the Subject deals briefly with the general warrant aspects in John Wilkes's arrest.
Mayberry, Richard S. "Obscenity in New York: Law, Fact, or Both?" Buffalo Law Review, 11:369-84, April 1963. M257
Review of recent New York obscenity cases, including Bunis v. Conway, 17 A.D. 2d 207, 234 N.Y.S. 2d 435 (1962), relating to Tropic of Cancer. The author concludes that "the best manner of discovering the 'definition of obscenity' in each case is to go to its source, the average adult." A jury, not a judge should decide.
Mayer, Arthur L. "How Much Can the Movies Say?" Saturday Review, 45(44):18-20+, 3 November 1962. M258
A leader in the movie industry considers recent developments in movie censorship in the United States, including decisions of the courts. Censorship boards and the industry production code are becoming more lenient, but the system is inflexible. A picture is either accepted or rejected without regard to the audience. Mayer favors some kind of audience rating system, a solution rejected by the Motion Picture Producers Association. He believes the solution will ultimately come, not from the industry or the state, but from the local theater owner, the community, and individual viewers.
-------. "A Movie Exhibitor Looks at Censorship." Reporter, 10:35-40, 2 March 1954. M259
"Our movies have survived the depredations of censor boards, government agencies, and self- regulation, but their future is dark indeed if the test of their suitability for public showing has become their political or economic orthodoxy and blameless private lives of those who make them. There is little hope for good filmsdealing with the realities of modern life if such attacks are not resisted, resisted both by those who make films and by those who look at them."
-------. "A Movie Man's Faith." Library Journal, 78:1056-57, June 1953. M260
The author is concerned with the "fear of Communist infiltration that now agitates the en tire American entertainment industry." Every art and medium of communication must unite against "the dark powers ofintolerance."
-------. "Sense and Censorship." Esquire, 34(4):98, 167-68, October 1950. M261
Views on censorship by a former U.S. military government movie censor in Germany.
Mayer, J. P. "Children and the Cinema: Discusses the Ineffectual Film Censorship Provisions in Britain and Proposes an Experiment in Municipal Cinemas." Socialist Commentary, 17:63-64, March 1953. M262
Mayer, Milton. "How to Read the Chicago Tribune." Harper's Magazine, 198:24-35, April 1949. (Reprinted in W. H. Stone, and R. Hoopes, eds., Form and Thought in Prose, pp. 91-112) M263
A devastating critique of an article by Frank Hughes, news reporter for the Tribune, which appeared in the 14 November issue under the headline: "Name Angels of Moves to Curb Press." In his article Hughes had attacked the report of the Commission on Freedom of the Press and the "angels" who financed it.
Mayerberg, S. S. "Summum Bonum of Library Service." ALA Bulletin, 32:815-17, 15 October 1938. M264
Abridgment of a talk given by a Kansas City rabbi at the American Library Association Conference. While not advocating the exclusion of propaganda, he suggests librarians submit controversial books to experts for their evaluation and then mark them with such notation as: "The facts in this book are reliable, but we do not endorse the conclusion of the author," or, "This work, or article, is contrary to truth, it is obviously propaganda. As its antidote, we recommend such and such a volume."
"The Mayflower Doctrine Scuttled." Yale Law Journal, 59:759-70, March 1950. M265
On editorializing by radio stations and industrial licensees over their own facilities, 1941-49.
Mayo, Louis H. "Comments Concerning the First Amendment and the People's Right to Know." In Lectures on Communications Media, Legal and Policy Problems Delivered at University of Michigan Law School, June 16-June 18, 1954. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Law School, 1954, pp. 3- 45. M266
Examination of the doctrine of "the people's right to know" and the provision of full information on the judicial, executive, and legislative processes.
"Mayor Walker as a Movie Censor." Literary Digest, 98:11, 28 July 1928. M267
Criticism of the arbitrary action of New York's Mayor James Walker.
Meacham, Denver W., II. "Privilege of Newsmen to Conceal Source of Information." Oklahoma Law Review, 15:453-56, November 1962. M268
The author observes that the U.S. Supreme Court "has never expressly decided whether compelling a reporter to disclose his confidential news source constitutes an infringement of the freedom of the press guaranteed by the first amendment." He believes that where the question asked of the reporter is definitely relevant to the plaintiff's claim, "his freedom of the press must yield to the administration of justice even if it results in the reporter losing some of his sources of information."
Mead, Margaret. "Sex and Censorship in Contemporary Society." In New World Writing, 3rd Mentor Selection. New York, New American Library, 1953, pp. 7- 24. M269
An anthropologist discusses the various forms of censorship that ancient and modern societies have exerted in matters of sex expression. She draws a distinction between pornography, the secret vice that is condemned in every modern society, and the bawdy, the ribald, and the vulgar that are the safety valve of most social systems.
Meager, Ruby. "The Sublime and the Obscene." British Journal of Aesthetics, 4:214-27, July 1964. M270
"Whereas the sublime promises to bundle an eternity of significant reflection into a moment of illumination, the obscene promises to suppress our perennial distracting concern with objective truth and the last effects of thoughts and behavior on personal relations, self- respect and human dignity, liberating us for pure irresponsible enjoyment of the fantasies and sensations of the moment." Obscenity has become a serious aesthetic danger. It is "an aesthetic disvalue in literature."
Mecklin, John M. "Freedom of Speech for Clergymen." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 200:165-84, November 1938. M271
While the clergyman is protected legally under the First Amendment, he is limited practically and sociologically in his expression by the doctrines and discipline of his sect. The author discusses the degrees of liberty permitted, referring to such issues as theological liberalism, middle- class ideology, slavery, the Ku Klux Klan, the social gospel, science, evolution, and personal piety.
Meek, Thomas. An Essay on the Liberty of the Press: in Which the National and Prudential Limits of the Noble Invention of Printing are Properly Defined . . . South Shields, Eng., Printed for the Author by W. Hallgarth, 1799. 50p. M272
Mehrotra, Baikunth N. The Law of Defamation and Malicious Prosecutions, Civil and Criminal. Allahabad, India, Law Publishers, 1963. 229p. M273
Meiklejohn, Alexander. "The First Amendment and the Evils that Congress Has a Right to Prevent." Indiana Law Journal, 26:477-93, Summer 1951. M274
Notes on the doctrine of "clear and present danger," 1919-50.
-------. "The First Amendment Is an Absolute." In The Supreme Court Review, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1961, pp. 455-66. M275
In an effort to seek a clarification of the meaning of the First Amendment, the former president of Amherst College presents the absolutist views of Justice Hugo Black and the more limited interpretation of Justice Harlan, as well as his own views.
-------. Free Speech and Its Relation to Self-government. New York, Harper, 1948. 107p. M276
A series of lectures considering recent interpretations of the First Amendment to the Constitution. Special attention is given to Justice Holmes's doctrine of a "clear and present danger," which the author finds inadequate. He believes that in discussion of public issues, which he distinguishes from private issues, there is greater danger in suppression than in widespread discussion. He concurs with Justice Brandeis' opinion so long as there is physical freedom for the exchange of ideas; the presence of danger is no excuse for censorship. Zechariab Chafee, Jr. reviews the Meiklejohn book in the Harvard Law Review, January 1949.
Meissner, Gerhard. Die Liberale Pressefreiheit Englands im Lichte Englischer Kritik. Frankfurt, Moritz Diesterweg, 1939. 198p. (Zeitung und Zeit, Schriftenreihe des Instituts fur Zeitungswissenschaft an der Universitat Berlin. n.F., Reihe A, Bd. 13) M277
This study of English press freedom consists of four parts: (1) historical development; (2) restraint of the press from such internal influences as the publishers and editors and from such external influences as the advertisers, the readers, government and law; (3) abuse of press freedom through sensationalism, personal libel, and biased treatment of foreign politics and especially the relationship between England and Germany; and (4) the English conception of freedom of the press. The study claims objectivity because it makes use of British sources, but it actually reflects throughout the bias of Nazi Germany. A section deals with the influence of Jews on the British press. The author concludes that there is greater freedom of the press in Germany under the Nazi government than in England where the press is under capitalist domination.
Melcher, Frederic G. "The Banning of Books in Boston." Publishers' Weekly 111:1254-55, 19 March 1927. (Reprinted in Authors' League Bulletin, April 1927) M278
A description of the "Boston book massacre" in which the police and district attorney took wholesale action against many works of modern fiction in the bookstores. The booksellers are protecting themselves from threatened prosecution by withdrawing many books from sale.
-------. "Freedom to Read: Books." Survey Graphic, 35:457-61, 502, December 1946. M279
The editor of Publishers' Weekly "feels the pulse of new, vaster audiencesand gauges this challenge to writers, scholars, and publishers." He finds little direct censorship of books and no evidence that the publishing business is in the control of too few hands. Nor does he believe that publishers interject their own beliefs unduly into their product. Paper shortage and the problems of book distribution are limiting factors in freedom to read books. He calls upon publishers to "take with full seriousness the responsibilities that rest squarely on them to augment the percentage of books of more than trifling value."
Melehionne, Theresa M. "One Step Further." Police Management Review, 2(2):8-13, October 1964. M280
Statement by deputy commissioner of the Youth Program, New York Police Department, before the New York State Joint Committee on Pornographic Materials.
Melgund, Gilbert John (Elliot- Murray-Kynynmound), Viscount. "Newspaper Correspondents in the Field." Nineteenth Century, 7:434-43, March 1880. M281
"I am convinced, from personal observation in different campaigns, that every word in the new press regulations is necessary."
"The Menace of Irresponsible Journalism." Arena, 38:170-80, August 1907. M282
"Recent examples of the prostitution of the press in the interests of the industrial society." Special reference to the Boston press and to the New York World's attacks on Mary Baker Eddy.
Menace Publishing Company, et al. In the District Court of the United States; Western District of Missouri, Southwestern Division. no. 253 [United States, Plaintiff, v. The Menace Publishing Company, a Corporation, Wilber F. Phelps, Bruce M. Phelps, Theodore C. Walker and Marvin Brown, Defendants]. Brief of Defendants on Motion to Quash and on Demurrer. Kansas City, Mo., Smith- Grieves, [1913]. 200p. M283
The defendants were indicted for issues of the Menace and for a book by Father Crowley, The Pope, Chief of White Slavers, High Priest of Intrigue, all alleged to be obscene. The court overruled the demurrer, but the jury found the matter not obscene and acquitted all defendants.
Mence, Richard. Law of Libel. London, A. Maxwell, 1824. 595p. M284
A general defense of intellectual liberty and a criticism of existing laws of libel. An essay based on this book, entitled Law of Libel and Liberty of the Press and attributed to John Stuart Mill, appears in the Westminster Review, April 1825.
-------. "Law of LibelState of the Press." Quarterly Review, 35:566-609, 1827. M285
A review of Starkie's The Law of Slander, Libel, Scandalum Magnatum, and False Rumours and Holt's The Law of Libel.
Mencher, Melvin. "Press Freedom for the Campus Newspaper." Quill, 49(8):11-17, August 1961. M286
A professor of journalism discusses the merits of a completely free versus a limitedly free college press, preferring the former, despite the possible embarrassment from time to time that will come to the university in the exercise of this freedom.
Mencken, H. L. A Book of Prefaces. New York, Knopf, 1917. 288p. M287
Mencken, the "Sage of Baltimore," was one of the most outspoken critics of censorship in all its forms. He exposed the absurdities of censorship in his writing, he defended his author friends against the attack of the censor, and he himself faced the Boston censor in the famous "Hatrack" case. The essay on Theodore Dreiser contains many references to Dreiser's conffict with the censor. The essay on Puritanism as a Literary Force, is an attack on the new spirit ofPuritanism spreading over America and restricting sex expression in art and literature. The activities of Comstock societies come in for special invective.
-------. The Hatrack Case, 1926-1927 The American Mercury vs. the New England Watch and Ward Society, the Postmaster General of the United States et al. by H. L Mencken, with Newspaper Reports and Other Documents. Baltimore, 1937. 8 vols. (In Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore) M288
In these eight unpublished scrapbooks Mencken has preserved hundreds of documents relating to the famous "Hatrack" case - correspondence, newspaper clippings, telegrams, photographs, and his own lengthy Prefatory Note in vol. 1, summarizing the case. After Mencken had been freed by a Boston judge for the sale of the April 1926 issue of the American Mercury, he faced a Post Office ban of the issue in New York, prompted by the Watch and Ward Society. An injunction against the Society for its interference with the freedom of the press brought an end to the case. A list of newspaper and journal references to the "Hatrack" case is given in Betty Adler and Jane Wilhelm, ed., H.L.M., the Mencken Bibliography, p.388.
-------. James Branch Cabell. New York, McBride, 1927. 32p. M289
This little pamphlet is in praise of Cabell and his works, particularly Jurgen, and an attack on the "patriotic" and "pornographic" Comstocks that are attempting to suppress this book.
-------. Prejudices: Fifth Series. London, Jonathan Cape, 1926. 307p. M290
Two brief essays in this collection, Birth Control and Comstockery, relate to censorship. In the latter essay Mencken suggests that the support of sex education and birth control literature by some members of the vice societies might spell the doom for "Comstockery," which was based on the doctrine that "virtue and ignorance were identical." The Comstockery essay is reprinted in Downs, The First Freedom.
-------. To The Friends of the American Mercury. A Statement by the Editor. [New York?], 1926. 7p. M291
Mencken's own account of the "Hatrack" case, including the text of Boston Judge Parmenter's opinion dismissing the charge against Mencken and the American Mercury. The offending article in the April issue, entitled Hatrack, was written by Herbert Asbury and related to a prostitute in a small Missouri town. The pamphlet is dated 16 April 1926.
Mendelson, Wallace. "Clear and Present Danger - Another Decade." Texas Law Review, 39:449-56, April 1961. M292
Supplements earlier history of this dictum in Columbia Law Review, March 1952.
-------. "Clear and Present Danger - from Schenck to Dennis." Columbia Law Review, 52:313-33, March 1952. M293
Covers court decisions from the first use of the dictum in the Schenck case, 249 U.S. 47, through the Dennis case, 341 U.S. 494.
-------. "The Clear and Present Danger Test - a Reply to Mr. Meiklejohn." Vanderbilt Law Review, 5:792-95, June 1952. M294
Commentary on views of Alexander Meiklejohn (Indiana Law Journal, Summer 1951) on the First Amendment.
-------. "The Degradation of the Clear and Present Danger Rule." Journal of Politics, 15:349-55, August 1953. M295
Notes on cases from 1919 to 1952.
-------. "First Amendment and the Judicial Process: a Reply to Mr. Frantz." Vanderbilt Law Review, 17:479-85, March 1964. M296
"The author combines a debate with Mr. Laurent Frantz on the meaning of the first amendment and the 'balancing of interests' in free speech cases. He suggests that every judicial decision involves a balancing approach, and concludes that it is desirable that this balancing be clearly articulated."
-------. "On the Meaning of the First Amendment: Absolutes in the Balance." California Law Review, 50:821-28, December 1962. M297
"I suggest that the language of the first amendment is highly ambiguous, and this ambiguity is at best compounded by history." A criticism of the point of view expressed by Laurent Frantz in Yale Law Journal, July 1962.
Menon, K. B. Press Laws of India. Bombay, Indian Civil Liberties Union, 1937. 52p. M298
[Meredith, Sir William]. A Reply to the Defense of the Majority. London, John Almon, 1764. 48p. M299
In support of Charles Townshend's defense of the minority (Whig) position in the matter of general warrants and opposed to the government's statement as issued by Charles Lloyd. The Whig minority wished to abolish the use of the general warrant against authors, printers, and booksellers and Meredith introduced a motion to this effect. In this pamphlet he states: "It is unhappily blended with the Nature of Liberty, to degenerate often into Licentiousness; but, 'tis so impossible to draw the line between them, that if you resort to more than legal power to Suppress the One, you will soon Destroy the Other."
Merey, P. E. Analysis of the Books Removed from the United States Information Service Libraries. Philadelphia, School of Library Science, Drexel Institute of Technology, 1954. 53p. (Unpublished Master's thesis) M300
Meriwether, James B. "The Dashes in Hemingway's A Farewell to Arms." The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, 58:449-57, Fourth Quarter 1964. M301
An examination of M. Coindreau's copy of the first American edition of A Farewell to Arms into which Hemingway had penciled the obscenities expurgated by the publishers.
Merriam, Mrs. Charles E. "Motion Pictures - Past, Present and Future." Light, 180:17-27, January- February 1928. M302
Address of the former president of the Film Council of America before the International Purity Conference, La Crosse, Wis., 1927. Suggested regulatory measures follow the address.
Merriam, Clinton L. Obscene Literature; Speech of Hon. Clinton L. Merriam, of New York, in the House of Representatives, March 1, 1873, on the Bill (S. no. 1572) for the Suppression of Trade in and Circulation of Obscene Literature and Articles of Immoral Use. Watertown, N.Y., Ingalls, Brockway & Skinner, 1873. 8p. M303
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